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3 sialyltransferase from porcine submaxillary gland. J. Biol. Chem. 254 (1979) 4444-4451. [PMID: 438198]
Accepted name: β-galactoside α-2,6-sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine = CMP + α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→6)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:β-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine α-2,6-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Comments: The terminal β-D-galactosyl residue of the oligosaccharide of glycoproteins, as well as lactose, can act as acceptor.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 9075-81-4
References:
1. Bartholomew, B.A., Jourdian, G.W. and Roseman, S. The sialic acids. XV. Transfer of sialic acid to glycoproteins by a sialyltransferase from colostrum. J. Biol. Chem. 248 (1973) 5751-5762. [PMID: 4723915]
2. Hickman, J., Ashwell, G., Morell, A.G., van der Hamer, C.J.A. and Scheinberg, I.H.Physical and chemical studies on ceruloplasmin. 8. Preparation of N-acetylneuraminic acid-1-14C-labeled ceruloplasmin. J. Biol. Chem. 245 (1970) 759-766. [PMID: 4313609]
3. Paulson, J.C., Beranek, W.E. and Hill, R.L. Purification of a sialyltransferase from bovine colostrum by affinity chromatography on CDP-agarose. J. Biol. Chem. 252 (1977) 2356-2362. [PMID: 849932]
4. Schachter, H., Narasimhan, S., Gleeson, P. and Vella, G. Glycosyltransferases involved in elongation of N-glycosidically linked oligosaccharides of the complex or N-acetyllactosamine type. Methods Enzymol. 98 (1983) 98-134. [PMID: 6366476]
5. Spiro, M.H. and Spiro, R.G. Glycoprotein biosynthesis: studies on thyroglobulin. Thyroid sialyltransferase. J. Biol. Chem. 243 (1968) 6520-6528. [PMID: 5726897]
Accepted name: monosialoganglioside sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate + a β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-β-D-galactosaminyl-(1→4)-[α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)]-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide = CMP + an N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-β-D-galactosaminyl-(1→4)-[α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)]-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide
For diagram of reaction click here.
Glossary: a β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-β-D-galactosaminyl-(1→4)-[α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)]-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide = gangloside GM1a
an N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-β-D-galactosaminyl-(1→4)-[α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)]-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide = gangloside GD1a
Other name(s): CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:D-galactosyl-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-D-glucosylceramide N-acetylneuraminyltransferase; CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:D-galactosyl-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-D-glucosyl(1↔1)ceramide N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:a β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-β-D-galactosaminyl-(1→4)-[α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)]-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide N-acetyl-β-neuraminyltransferase
Comments: May be identical with EC 2.4.99.4 β-galactoside α-2,3-sialyltransferase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 60202-12-2
References:
1. Rearick, J.I., Sadler, J.E., Paulson, J.C. and Hill, R.L. Enzymatic characterization of β D-galactoside α23 sialyltransferase from porcine submaxillary gland. J. Biol. Chem. 254 (1979) 4444-4451. [PMID: 438198]
2. Yip, M.C.M. The enzymic synthesis of disialoganglioside: rat brain cytidine-5'-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid: monosialoganglioside (GM1) sialyltransferase. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 306 (1973) 298-306. [PMID: 4351506]
Accepted name: α-N-acetylgalactosaminide α-2,6-sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + glycano-(1→3)-(N-acetyl-α-D-galactosaminyl)-glycoprotein = CMP + glycano-[(2→6)-α-N-acetylneuraminyl]-(N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl)-glycoprotein
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:glycano-1,3-(N-acetyl-α-D-galactosaminyl)-glycoprotein α-2,6-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Comments: α-N-Acetylgalactosamine linked to threonine or serine is also an acceptor, when substituted at the 3-position.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 71124-50-0
References:
1. Sadler, J.E., Rearick, J.I. and Hill, R.L. Purification to homogeneity and enzymatic characterization of an α-N-acetylgalactosaminide α26 sialyltransferase from porcine submaxillary glands. J. Biol. Chem. 254 (1979) 5934-5941. [PMID: 447688]
Accepted name: β-galactoside α-2,3-sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-α-D-galactosaminyl-R = CMP + α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-α-D-galactosaminyl-R
Other name(s): CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:β-D-galactoside α-2,3-N-acetylneuraminyl-transferase
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:β-D-galactoside α-(2→3)-N-acetylneuraminyl-transferase
Comments: The acceptor is Galβ1,3GalNAc-R, where R is H, a threonine or serine residue in a glycoprotein, or a glycolipid. Lactose can also act as acceptor. May be identical with EC 2.4.99.2 monosialoganglioside sialyltransferase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 71124-51-1
References:
1. Rearick, J.I., Sadler, J.E., Paulson, J.C. and Hill, R.L. Enzymatic characterization of β D-galactoside α23 sialyltransferase from porcine submaxillary gland. J. Biol. Chem. 254 (1979) 4444-4451. [PMID: 438198]
2. Sadler, J.E., Rearick, J.I., Paulson, J.C. and Hill, R.L. Purification to homogeneity of a β-galactoside α23 sialyltransferase and partial purification of an α-N-acetylgalactosaminide α26 sialyltransferase from porcine submaxillary glands. J. Biol. Chem. 254 (1979) 4434-4442. [PMID: 438196]
Accepted name: galactosyldiacylglycerol α-2,3-sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + 1,2-diacyl-3-β-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerol = CMP + 1,2-diacyl-3-[3-(N-acetyl-α-D-neuraminyl)-β-D-galactosyl]-sn-glycerol
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate:1,2-diacyl-3-β-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerol N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Comments: The β-D-galactosyl residue of the oligosaccharide of glycoproteins may also act as acceptor.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 80237-98-5
References:
1. Pieringer, J., Keech, S. and Pieringer, R.A. Biosynthesis in vitro of sialosylgalactosyldiacylglycerol by mouse brain microsomes. J. Biol. Chem. 256 (1981) 12306-12309. [PMID: 7298658]
2. Weinstein, J., de Souza-e-Silva, U. and Paulson, J.C. Purification of a Gal β14GlcNAc α26 sialyltransferase and a Gal β13(4)GlcNAc α23 sialyltransferase to homogeneity from rat liver. J. Biol. Chem. 257 (1982) 13835-13844. [PMID: 7142179]
3. Weinstein, J., de Souza-e-Silva, U. and Paulson, J.C. Sialylation of glycoprotein oligosaccharides N-linked to asparagine. Enzymatic characterization of a Gal β13(4)GlcNAc α23 sialyltransferase and a Gal β14GlcNAc α26 sialyltransferase from rat liver. J. Biol. Chem. 257 (1982) 13845-13853. [PMID: 7142180]
Accepted name: N-acetyllactosaminide α-2,3-sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-glycoprotein = CMP + α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-glycoprotein
Other name(s): sialyltransferase; cytidine monophosphoacetylneuraminate-β-galactosyl(14)acetylglucosaminide α23-sialyltransferase; α23 sialyltransferase
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:β-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-glycoprotein α-2,3-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Comments: Acts on β-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl termini on glycoprotein.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 77537-85-0
References:
1. Van den Eijnden, D.H. and Schiphorst, W.E.C.M. Detection of β-galactosyl(14)N-acetylglucosaminide α(23)-sialyltransferase activity in fetal calf liver and other tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 256 (1981) 3159-3162. [PMID: 7204397]
Accepted name: α-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-β-galactosyl-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminide 6-α-sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + N-acetyl-α-neuraminyl-(2→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-R = CMP + N-acetyl-α-neuraminyl-(2→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-[N-acetyl-α-neuraminyl-(2→6)]-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-R
For diagram click here.
Other name(s): sialyltransferase; cytidine monophosphoacetylneuraminate-(α-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-β-galactosyl-1,3)-N-acetylgalactosaminide-α-2,6-sialyltransferase; α-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-β-galactosyl-1,3-N-acetyl-galactosaminide α-2,6-sialyltransferase; SIAT7; ST6GALNAC; (α-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-β-galactosyl-1,3)-N-acetyl-galactosaminide 6-α-sialyltransferase; CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:(α-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-β-D-galactosyl-1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminide α-2,6-N-acetylneuraminyl-transferase
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:(α-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-β-D-galactosyl-1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminide galactosamine-6-α-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Comments: Attaches N-acetylneuraminic acid in α-2,6-linkage to N-acetyl-galactosamine only when present in the structure of α-N-acetyl-neuraminyl-2,3-β-galactosyl-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-R, where R may be protein or p-nitrophenol. Not identical with EC 2.4.99.3 α-N-acetylgalactosaminide α-2,6-sialyltransferase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 129924-24-9
References:
1. Bergh, M.L.E., Hooghwinkel, G.J.M. and Van den Eijnden, D.H. Biosynthesis of the O-glycosidically linked oligosaccharide chains of fetuin. Indications for an α-N-acetylgalactosaminide α26 sialyltransferase with a narrow acceptor specificity in fetal calf liver. J. Biol. Chem. 258 (1983) 7430-7436. [PMID: 6190802]
Accepted name: α-N-acetylneuraminate α-2,8-sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)-β-D-galactosyl-R = CMP + α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→8)-α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)-β-D-galactosyl-R
For diagram of reaction click here.
Other name(s): cytidine monophosphoacetylneuraminate-ganglioside GM3; α-2,8-sialyltransferase; ganglioside GD3 synthase; ganglioside GD3 synthetase sialyltransferase; CMP-NeuAc:LM1(α2-8) sialyltranferase; GD3 synthase; SAT-2
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:α-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-β-D-galactoside α-2,8-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Comments: Gangliosides act as acceptors.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 67339-00-8
References:
1. Eppler, M.C., Morré, J.D. and Keenan, T.W. Ganglioside biosynthesis in rat liver: alteration of sialyltransferase activities by nucleotides. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 619 (1980) 332-343. [PMID: 7407217]
2. Higashi, H., Basu, M. and Basu, S. Biosynthesis in vitro of disialosylneolactotetraosylceramide by a solubilized sialyltransferase from embryonic chicken brain. J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985) 824-828. [PMID: 3838172]
3. McCoy, R.D., Vimr, E.R. and Troy, F.A. CMP-NeuNAc:poly-α-2,8-sialosyl sialyltransferase and the biosynthesis of polysialosyl units in neural cell adhesion molecules. J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985) 12695-12699. [PMID: 4044605]
4. Yohe, H.C. and Yu, R.K. In vitro biosynthesis of an isomer of brain trisialoganglioside, GT1a. J. Biol. Chem. 255 (1980) 608-613. [PMID: 6766128]
Accepted name: lactosylceramide α-2,3-sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide = CMP + α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide
For diagram of reaction click here.
Glossary: lactosylceramide = β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide
Other name(s): cytidine monophosphoacetylneuraminate-lactosylceramide α2,3- sialyltransferase; CMP-acetylneuraminate-lactosylceramide-sialyltransferase; CMP-acetylneuraminic acid:lactosylceramide sialyltransferase; CMP-sialic acid:lactosylceramide-sialyltransferase; cytidine monophosphoacetylneuraminate-lactosylceramide sialyltransferase; ganglioside GM3 synthetase; GM3 synthase; GM3 synthetase; SAT 1; CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:lactosylceramide α-2,3-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase; CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl(1↔1)ceramide α-(2→3)-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide α-(2→3)-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Comments: Lactose cannot act as acceptor.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 125752-90-1
References:
1. Basu, S., Kaufman, B. and Roseman, S. Enzymatic synthesis of glucocerebroside by a glucosyltransferase from embryonic chicken brain. J. Biol. Chem. 248 (1973) 1388-1394. [PMID: 4631392]
2. Fishman, P.H., Bradley, R.M. and Henneberry, R.C. Butyrate-induced glycolipid biosynthesis in HeLa cells: properties of the induced sialyltransferase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 172 (1976) 618-626. [PMID: 4022]
3. Higashi, H., Basu, M. and Basu, S. Biosynthesis in vitro of disialosylneolactotetraosylceramide by a solubilized sialyltransferase from embryonic chicken brain. J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985) 824-828. [PMID: 3838172]
Accepted name: neolactotetraosylceramide α-2,3-sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl-(1→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide = CMP + α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl-(1→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide
Glossary: neolactotetraosylceramide = β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl-(1→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide
Other name(s): sialyltransferase; cytidine monophosphoacetylneuraminate-neolactotetraosylceramide sialyltransferase; sialyltransferase 3; SAT-3
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:neolactotetraosylceramide α-2,3-sialyltransferase
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 83745-06-6
References:
1. Basu, M., Basu, S., Stoffyn, A. and Stoffyn, P. Biosynthesis in vitro of sialyl(α2-3)neolactotetraosylceramide by a sialyltransferase from embryonic chicken brain. J. Biol. Chem. 257 (1982) 12765-12769. [PMID: 7130178]
Accepted name: lactosylceramide α-2,6-N-sialyltransferase
Reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide = CMP + α-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2→6)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide
For diagram of reaction click here.
Glossary: lactosylceramide = β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide
Other name(s): cytidine monophosphoacetylneuraminate-lactosylceramide sialyltransferase; CMP-acetylneuraminate-lactosylceramide-sialyltransferase; CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid:lactosylceramide sialyltransferase; CMP-sialic acid:lactosylceramide sialyltransferase; CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:lactosylceramide α-2,6-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase; CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl(1↔1)ceramide α-(2→6)-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Systematic name: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucosyl-(1↔1)-ceramide α-(2→6)-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 55071-95-9
References:
1. Albarracin, I., Lassaga, F.E. and Caputto, R. Purification and characterization of an endogenous inhibitor of the sialyltransferase CMP-N-acetylneuraminate: lactosylceramide α2,6-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase (EC 2.4.99.-). Biochem. J. 254 (1988) 559-565. [PMID: 2460092]
2. Landa, C.A., Maccioni, H.J.F., Arce, A. and Caputto, R. The biosynthesis of brain gangliosides. Separation of membranes with different ratios of ganglioside sialylating activity to gangliosides. Biochem. J. 168 (1977) 325-332. [PMID: 606237]
Accepted name: lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase
Reaction: lipid IVA + CMP-α-Kdo = α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA + CMP
Glossary: lipid IVA = 2-deoxy-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-1-O-phosphono-α-D-glucopyranose
(KDO)-lipid IVA = α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA = (3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→6)-2-deoxy-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-1-O-phosphono-α-D-glucopyranose
CMP-α-Kdo = CMP-3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate
Other name(s): KDO transferase; waaA (gene name); kdtA (gene name); 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid transferase; 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid transferase; lipid IVA KDO transferase
Systematic name: CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate:lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate transferase
Comments: The bifunctional enzyme from Escherichia coli transfers two 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate residues to lipid IVA (cf. EC 2.4.99.13 [(KDO)-lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase]) [1]. The monofunctional enzymes from Aquifex aeolicus and Haemophilus influenzae catalyse the transfer of a single 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate residue from CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate to lipid IVA [2,3]. The enzymes from Chlamydia transfer three or more 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate residues and generate genus-specific epitopes [4].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Belunis, C.J. and Raetz, C.R. Biosynthesis of endotoxins. Purification and catalytic properties of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase from Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992) 9988-9997. [PMID: 1577828]
2. Mamat, U., Schmidt, H., Munoz, E., Lindner, B., Fukase, K., Hanuszkiewicz, A., Wu, J., Meredith, T.C., Woodard, R.W., Hilgenfeld, R., Mesters, J.R. and Holst, O. WaaA of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus is a monofunctional 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid transferase involved in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 284 (2009) 22248-22262. [PMID: 19546212]
3. White, K.A., Kaltashov, I.A., Cotter, R.J. and Raetz, C.R. A mono-functional 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) transferase and a Kdo kinase in extracts of Haemophilus influenzae. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 16555-16563. [PMID: 9195966]
4. Lobau, S., Mamat, U., Brabetz, W. and Brade, H. Molecular cloning, sequence analysis, and functional characterization of the lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic gene kdtA encoding 3-deoxy-α-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase of Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TW-183. Mol. Microbiol. 18 (1995) 391-399. [PMID: 8748024]
Accepted name: (KDO)-lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase
Reaction: α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA + CMP-α-Kdo = α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA + CMP
Glossary: (KDO)-lipid IVA = α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA = (3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→6)-2-deoxy-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-1-O-phosphono-α-D-glucopyranose
(KDO)2-lipid IVA = α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA = (3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→4)-(3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→6)-2-deoxy-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-1-O-phosphono-α-D-glucopyranose
CMP-α-Kdo = CMP-3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate
Other name(s): KDO transferase; waaA (gene name); kdtA (gene name); Kdo transferase; 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid transferase; 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid transferase
Systematic name: CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate:(KDO)-lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate transferase
Comments: The bifunctional enzyme from Escherichia coli transfers two 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate residues to lipid IVA (cf. EC 2.4.99.12 [lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase]) [1]. The enzymes from Chlamydia transfer three or more 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate residues and generate genus-specific epitopes [4].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Belunis, C.J. and Raetz, C.R. Biosynthesis of endotoxins. Purification and catalytic properties of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase from Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992) 9988-9997. [PMID: 1577828]
2. Lobau, S., Mamat, U., Brabetz, W. and Brade, H. Molecular cloning, sequence analysis, and functional characterization of the lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic gene kdtA encoding 3-deoxy-α-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase of Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TW-183. Mol. Microbiol. 18 (1995) 391-399. [PMID: 8748024]
Accepted name: (KDO)2-lipid IVA (2-8) 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase
Reaction: α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA + CMP-α-Kdo = α-Kdo-(2→8)-α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA + CMP
Glossary: (KDO)2-lipid IVA = α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA = (3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→4)-(3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→6)-2-deoxy-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-1-O-phosphono-α-D-glucopyranose
(KDO)3-lipid IVA = α-Kdo-(2→8)-α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA = (3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→8)-(3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→4)-(3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→6)-2-deoxy-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-1-O-phosphono-α-D-glucopyranose
CMP-α-Kdo = CMP-3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate
Other name(s): KDO transferase; waaA (gene name); kdtA (gene name); 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid transferase; 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid transferase
Systematic name: CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate:(KDO)2-lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate transferase [(2→8) glycosidic bond-forming]
Comments: The enzymes from Chlamydia transfer three or more 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate residues and generate genus-specific epitopes.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Lobau, S., Mamat, U., Brabetz, W. and Brade, H. Molecular cloning, sequence analysis, and functional characterization of the lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic gene kdtA encoding 3-deoxy-α-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase of Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TW-183. Mol. Microbiol. 18 (1995) 391-399. [PMID: 8748024]
2. Mamat, U., Baumann, M., Schmidt, G. and Brade, H. The genus-specific lipopolysaccharide epitope of Chlamydia is assembled in C. psittaci and C. trachomatis by glycosyltransferases of low homology. Mol. Microbiol. 10 (1993) 935-941. [PMID: 7523826]
3. Belunis, C.J., Mdluli, K.E., Raetz, C.R. and Nano, F.E. A novel 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase from Chlamydia trachomatis required for expression of the genus-specific epitope. J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992) 18702-18707. [PMID: 1382060]
Accepted name: (KDO)3-lipid IVA (2-4) 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase
Reaction: α-Kdo-(2→8)-α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA + CMP-α-Kdo = α-Kdo-(2→8)-[α-Kdo-(2→4)]-α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA + CMP
Glossary: (KDO)3-lipid IVA = α-Kdo-(2→8)-α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA = (3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→8)-(3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→4)-(3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→6)-2-deoxy-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-1-O-phosphono-α-D-glucopyranose
(KDO)4-lipid IVA = α-Kdo-(2→8)-[α-Kdo-(2→4)]-α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IVA = (3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→8)-[(3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→4)-(3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→4)-(3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2→6)-2-deoxy-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}-1-O-phosphono-α-D-glucopyranose
CMP-α-Kdo = CMP-3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate
Other name(s): KDO transferase; waaA (gene name); kdtA (gene name); 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid transferase; 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid transferase
Systematic name: CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate:(KDO)3-lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate transferase [(2→4) glycosidic bond-forming]
Comments: The enzyme from Chlamydia psittaci transfers four KDO residues to lipid A, forming a branched tetrasaccharide with the structure α-KDO-(2,8)-[α-KDO-(2,4)]-α-KDO-(2,4)-α-KDO (cf. EC 2.4.99.12 [lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase], EC 2.4.99.13 [(KDO)-lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase], and EC 2.4.99.14 [(KDO)2-lipid IVA (2-8) 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase]).
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Brabetz, W., Lindner, B. and Brade, H. Comparative analyses of secondary gene products of 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid transferases from Chlamydiaceae in Escherichia coli K-12. Eur. J. Biochem. 267 (2000) 5458-5465. [PMID: 10951204]
2. Holst, O., Bock, K., Brade, L. and Brade, H. The structures of oligosaccharide bisphosphates isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of a recombinant Escherichia coli strain expressing the gene gseA [3-deoxy-D-manno-octulopyranosonic acid (Kdo) transferase] of Chlamydia psittaci 6BC. Eur. J. Biochem. 229 (1995) 194-200. [PMID: 7744029]
Accepted name: starch synthase (maltosyl-transferring)
Reaction: α-maltose 1-phosphate + [(1→4)-α-D-glucosyl]n = phosphate + [(1→4)-α-D-glucosyl]n+2
Other name(s): α1,4-glucan:maltose-1-P maltosyltransferase; GMPMT
Systematic name: α-maltose 1-phosphate:(1→4)-α-D-glucan 4-α-D-maltosyltransferase
Comments: The enzyme from from the bacterium Mycobacterium smegmatis is specific for maltose. It has no activity with α-D-glucose.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Elbein, A.D., Pastuszak, I., Tackett, A.J., Wilson, T. and Pan, Y.T. Last step in the conversion of trehalose to glycogen: a mycobacterial enzyme that transfers maltose from maltose 1-phosphate to glycogen. J. Biol. Chem. 285 (2010) 9803-9812. [PMID: 20118231]
Accepted name: S-adenosylmethionine:tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase
Reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 7-aminomethyl-7-carbaguanosine34 in tRNA = L-methionine + adenine + epoxyqueuosine34 in tRNA
Glossary: 7-aminomethyl-7-carbaguanine = 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine = preQ1
epoxyqueosine = oQ
Other name(s): QueA enzyme; queuosine biosynthesis protein QueA
Systematic name: S-adenosyl-L-methionine:7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanosine ribosyltransferase (ribosyl isomerizing; L-methionine, adenine releasing)
Comments: The reaction is a combined transfer and isomerization of the ribose moiety of S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the modified guanosine base in the wobble position in tRNAs specific for Tyr, His, Asp or Asn. It is part of the queuosine biosynthesis pathway.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Slany, R.K., Bosl, M., Crain, P.F. and Kersten, H. A new function of S-adenosylmethionine: the ribosyl moiety of AdoMet is the precursor of the cyclopentenediol moiety of the tRNA wobble base queuine. Biochemistry 32 (1993) 7811-7817. [PMID: 8347586]
2. Slany, R.K., Bosl, M. and Kersten, H. Transfer and isomerization of the ribose moiety of AdoMet during the biosynthesis of queuosine tRNAs, a new unique reaction catalyzed by the QueA protein from Escherichia coli. Biochimie 76 (1994) 389-393. [PMID: 7849103]
3. Kinzie, S.D., Thern, B. and Iwata-Reuyl, D. Mechanistic studies of the tRNA-modifying enzyme QueA: a chemical imperative for the use of AdoMet as a "ribosyl" donor. Org. Lett. 2 (2000) 1307-1310. [PMID: 10810734]
4. Van Lanen, S.G. and Iwata-Reuyl, D. Kinetic mechanism of the tRNA-modifying enzyme S-adenosylmethionine:tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase (QueA). Biochemistry 42 (2003) 5312-5320. [PMID: 12731872]
5. Mathews, I., Schwarzenbacher, R., McMullan, D., Abdubek, P., Ambing, E., Axelrod, H., Biorac, T., Canaves, J.M., Chiu, H.J., Deacon, A.M., DiDonato, M., Elsliger, M.A., Godzik, A., Grittini, C., Grzechnik, S.K., Hale, J., Hampton, E., Han, G.W., Haugen, J., Hornsby, M., Jaroszewski, L., Klock, H.E., Koesema, E., Kreusch, A., Kuhn, P., Lesley, S.A., Levin, I., Miller, M.D., Moy, K., Nigoghossian, E., Ouyang, J., Paulsen, J., Quijano, K., Reyes, R., Spraggon, G., Stevens, R.C., van den Bedem, H., Velasquez, J., Vincent, J., White, A., Wolf, G., Xu, Q., Hodgson, K.O., Wooley, J. and Wilson, I.A. Crystal structure of S-adenosylmethionine:tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase (QueA) from Thermotoga maritima at 2.0 Å resolution reveals a new fold. Proteins 59 (2005) 869-874. [PMID: 15822125]
6. Grimm, C., Ficner, R., Sgraja, T., Haebel, P., Klebe, G. and Reuter, K. Crystal structure of Bacillus subtilis S-adenosylmethionine:tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 351 (2006) 695-701. [PMID: 17083917]
Accepted name: dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide—protein glycotransferase
Reaction: dolichyl diphosphooligosaccharide + [protein]-L-asparagine = dolichyl diphosphate + a glycoprotein with the oligosaccharide chain attached by N-β-D-glycosyl linkage to a protein L-asparagine
For diagram of reaction click here.
Other name(s): dolichyldiphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycosyltransferase; asparagine N-glycosyltransferase; dolichyldiphosphooligosaccharide-protein oligosaccharyltransferase; dolichylpyrophosphodiacetylchitobiose-protein glycosyltransferase; oligomannosyltransferase; oligosaccharide transferase; dolichyldiphosphoryloligosaccharide-protein oligosaccharyltransferase; dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide:protein-L-asparagine oligopolysaccharidotransferase; STT3
Systematic name: dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide:protein-L-asparagine N-β-D-oligopolysaccharidotransferase
Comments: Occurs in eukaryotes that form a glycoprotein by the transfer of a glucosyl-mannosyl-glucosamine polysaccharide to the side-chain of an L-asparagine residue in the sequence -Asn-Xaa-Ser- or -Asn-Xaa-Thr- (Xaa not Pro) in nascent polypeptide chains. The basic oligosaccharide is the tetradecasaccharide Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 (for diagram click here). However, smaller oligosaccharides derived from it and oligosaccharides with additional monosaccharide units attached may be involved. See ref [2] for a review of N-glycoproteins in eukaryotes. Man3GlcNAc2 seems to be common for all of the oligosaccharides involved with the terminal N-acetylglucosamine linked to the protein L-asparagine. Occurs on the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum. The dolichol involved normally has 14-21 isoprenoid units with two trans double-bonds at the ω end, and the rest of the double-bonds in cis form.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Das, R.C. and Heath, E.C. Dolichyldiphosphoryloligosaccharide-protein oligosaccharyltransferase; solubilization, purification, and properties. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77 (1980) 3811-3815. [PMID: 6933437]
2. Song, W., Henquet, M.G., Mentink, R.A., van Dijk, A.J., Cordewener, J.H., Bosch, D., America, A.H. and van der Krol, A.R. N-glycoproteomics in plants: perspectives and challenges. J Proteomics 74 (2011) 1463-1474. [PMID: 21605711]
Accepted name: undecaprenyl-diphosphooligosaccharide—protein glycotransferase
Reaction: tritrans,heptacis-undecaprenyl diphosphooligosaccharide + [protein]-L-asparagine = tritrans,heptacis-undecaprenyl diphosphate + a glycoprotein with the oligosaccharide chain attached by N-β-D-glycosyl linkage to protein L-asparagine
For diagram of reaction click here.
Other name(s): PglB
Systematic name: tritrans,heptacis-undecaprenyl-diphosphooligosaccharide:protein-L-asparagine N-β-D-oligosaccharidotransferase
Comments: A bacterial enzyme that has been isolated from Campylobacter jejuni [1] and Campylobacter lari [2]. It forms a glycoprotein by the transfer of a glucosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-N,N'-diacetylbacillosamine (GalNAc2(Glc)GalNAc3diNAcBac) polysaccharide and related oligosaccharides to the side-chain of an L-asparagine residue in the sequence -Asp/Glu-Xaa-Asn-Xaa'-Ser/Thr- (Xaa and Xaa' not Pro) in nascent polypeptide chains. Requires Mn2+ or Mg2+. Occurs on the external face of the plasma membrane. The polyprenol involved is normally tritrans,heptacis-undecaprenol but a decaprenol is used by some species.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Maita, N., Nyirenda, J., Igura, M., Kamishikiryo, J. and Kohda, D. Comparative structural biology of eubacterial and archaeal oligosaccharyltransferases. J. Biol. Chem. 285 (2010) 4941-4950. [PMID: 20007322]
2. Lizak, C., Gerber, S., Numao, S., Aebi, M. and Locher, K.P. X-ray structure of a bacterial oligosaccharyltransferase. Nature 474 (2011) 350-355. [PMID: 21677752]