Reaction: CTP + 2,3-bis-O-(geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycero-1-phosphate = diphosphate + CDP-2,3-bis-O-(geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol
For diagram of reaction, click here
Glossary: 2,3-bis-O-(geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycero-1-phosphate = 2,3-bis-O-(geranylgeranyl)-glycerophosphate ether = unsaturated archaetidic acid
CDP-archaeol = CDP-2,3-bis-O-(geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol
Other name(s): CDP-2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycerol synthase; CTP:2,3-GG-GP ether cytidylyltransferase; CTP:2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycero-1-phosphate cytidyltransferase
Systematic name: CTP:2,3-bis-O-(geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycero-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase
Comments: This enzyme catalyses one of the steps in the biosynthesis of polar lipids in Archaea, which are characterized by having an sn-glycero-1-phosphate backbone rather than an sn-glycero-3-phosphate backbone as is found in bacteria and eukaryotes [1]. The enzyme requires Mg2+ and K+ for maximal activity [1]. The other enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of polar lipids in Archaea are EC 1.1.1.261 (sn-glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase), EC 2.5.1.41 (phosphoglycerol geranylgeranyltransferase) and EC 2.5.1.42 (geranylgeranylglycerol-phosphate geranylgeranyltransferase), which together alkylate the hydroxy groups of glycerol 1-phosphate to give unsaturated archaetidic acid, which is acted upon by this enzyme to form CDP-unsaturated archaeol. The final step in the pathway involves the addition of L-serine, with concomitant removal of CMP, leading to the production of unsaturated archaetidylserine [1].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Morii, H., Nishihara, M. and Koga, Y. CTP:2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycero-1-phosphate cytidyltransferase in the methanogenic archaeon Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 36568-36574. [PMID: 10960477]
2. Morii, H. and Koga, Y. CDP-2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycerol:L-serine O-archaetidyltransferase (archaetidylserine synthase) in the methanogenic archaeon Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus. J. Bacteriol. 185 (2003) 1181-1189. [PMID: 12562787]