Reaction: geranyl diphosphate = pinene + diphosphate
For reaction pathway click here.
Glossary entries:
α-pinene: a monoterpenoid
β-pinene: a monoterpenoid
Other name(s): β-geraniolene synthase; (-)-(1S,5S)-pinene synthase; geranyldiphosphate diphosphate lyase (pinene forming)
Systematic name: geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, pinene-forming)
Comments: A recombinant enzyme (also known as a monoterpene synthase or cyclase) from the grand fir (Abies grandis) requires Mn2+ and K+ for activity. Mg2+ is essentially ineffective as the divalent metal ion cofactor. A mixture of α and β-pinene is produced.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, CAS registry number: 81611-69-0, 110637-20-2
References:
1. Bohlmann, J., Steele, C.L. and Croteau, R. Monoterpene synthases from grand fir (Abies grandis). cDNA isolation, characterization, and functional expression of myrcene synthase, (-)-(4S)-limonene synthase, and (-)-(1S,5S)-pinene synthase. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 21784-21792. [PMID: 9268308]
2. Gijzen, M., Lewinsohn, E. and Croteau, R. Characterization of the constitutive and wound-inducible monoterpene cyclases of grand fir (Abies grandis). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 289 (1991) 267-273. [PMID: 1898071]
3. Wagschal, K.C., Pyun, H.J., Coates, R.M. and Croteau, R. Monoterpene biosynthesis: isotope effects associated with bicyclic olefin formation catalyzed by pinene synthases from sage (Salvia officinalis). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 308 (1994) 477-487. [PMID: 8109978]