Reaction: 4 ATP + citrate + 2 N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine + 2 H2O = 4 ADP + 4 phosphate + aerobactin
For diagram, click here
Systematic name: citrate:N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine ligase (ADP-forming)
Comments: Requires Mg2+. Aerobactin is one of a group of high-affinity iron chelators known as siderophores and is produced under conditions of iron deprivation [5]. It is a dihydroxamate comprising two molecules of N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxylysine and one molecule of citric acid. This is the last of the three enzymes involved in its synthesis, the others being EC 1.14.13.59, L-lysine 6-monooxygenase (NADPH) and EC 2.3.1.102, N6-hydroxylysine O-acetyltransferase [3].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, CAS registry number: 94047-30-0
References:
1. Appanna, D.L., Grundy, B.J., Szczepan, E.W. and Viswanatha, T. Aerobactin synthesis in a cell-free system of Aerobacter aerogenes 62-1. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 801 (1984) 437-443.
2. Gibson, F. and Magrath, D.I. The isolation and characterization of a hydroxamic acid (aerobactin) formed by Aerobacter aerogenes 62-I. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 192 (1969) 175-184. [PMID: 4313071]
3. Maurer, P.J. and Miller, M. Microbial iron chelators: total synthesis of aerobactin and its constituent amino acid, N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxylysine. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104 (1982) 3096-3101.
4. de Lorenzo, V., Bindereif, A., Paw, B.H. and Neilands, J.B. Aerobactin biosynthesis and transport genes of plasmid ColV-K30 in Escherichia coli K-12. J. Bacteriol. 165 (1986) 570-578. [PMID: 2935523]
5. Challis, G.L. A widely distributed bacterial pathway for siderophore biosynthesis independent of nonribosomal peptide synthetases. ChemBioChem 6 (2005) 601-611. [PMID: 15719346]